Evaluation of Early Growth Response of Wheat Genotypes Grown Under PEG-Mediated Water Stress Conditions
Keywords:
PEG, Drought, AZRC Dera, Akbar-19, Wheat landrace, Durum wheatAbstract
The yield of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), an important staple food cereal crop, is constantly challenged by drought stress. The unexpected changes in rainfall and heat spells induced by climate change further aggravate wheat production. Strategies to fast-screen wheat genotypes for drought stress in a controlled environment are key to wheat breeding programs' success in developing drought-tolerant wheat cultivars. The current study was designed to evaluate the early growth response of wheat genotypes grown under PEG-mediated water stress conditions. Six wheat genotypes comprising local wheat cultivars, landraces and durum wheat advanced lines were grown in Petr-dishes and pots under PEG-mediated water stress conditions (5% and 10% PEG), using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Data collected for parameters related to early growth responses such as root, coleoptile and leaf length, root fresh and dry biomass, no. of tillers plant-1, and leaf total chlorophyll contents were subjected to R-package. Results showed significant differences among all early growth parameters genotypes in response to 5% and 10% PEG concentrations (p = 0.05). PEG concentration of 10% significantly reduced root length, root density, coleoptile length, root fresh and dry weight, and leaf total chlorophyll contents among all genotypes. Wheat landraces and advanced durum wheat lines showed better drought tolerance at 10% PEG concentration relative to two wheat cultivars AZRC Dera and Akbar-19 by maintaining optimal root length, coleoptile length, root density and root weight. Landrace acc#11239 and durum line IDN-733 were found to be most drought tolerant to 10% high PEG concentration in terms of root and coleoptile length and root fresh and dry weight. The findings of this study are important for breeders to evaluate wheat genotypes for drought stress tolerance and develop climate-resilient and drought-tolerant wheat cultivars for better yield production.
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