Effect of Different Furrow Irrigation Methods on Growth and Productivity of Onion Crop

Shoukat Ali  Soomro; Faraz Hussain  Rind; Mumtaz Ali  Gadehi; Behari Lal   Meghwar; Abdul Ahad; Hamz Ali   Samoon; Waqar Ahmed            Bhayo; Abdul Saboor  Soomro

Effect of Different Furrow Irrigation Methods on Growth and Productivity of Onion Crop

Authors

Shoukat Ali Soomro Assistant Professor, Department of Land and Water Management, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sindh Pakistan
Faraz Hussain Rind Student Department of Land and Water Management, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sindh, Pakistan
Mumtaz Ali Gadehi Senior Scientific Officer, PARC Water and Agricultural waste Management Institute Tando Jam, Sindh, Pakistan
Behari Lal Meghwar Senior Scientific Officer, PARC-Arid Zone Research center Umerkot Sindh, Pakistan
Abdul Ahad Senior Scientific Officer, PARC AZRC Umerkot, Sindh, Pakistan
Hamz Ali Samoon Principal Scientific Officer, PARC Water and Agricultural waste Management institute Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan
Waqar Ahmed Bhayo Assistant Professor, Department of Soil and Water Resources Engineering, Khairpur College of Agriculture and Management Sciences, Sindh, Pakistan
Abdul Saboor Soomro Assistant Professor, Department of Land and Water Management, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan

Keywords:

Onion; , Furrow-Irrigation;, Water-Productivity; , Mulching; , Biomass;

Abstract

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different furrow irrigation techniques on the growth and productivity of the onion crop at Taluka Kotdiji, District Khairpur Mir’s, Sindh, Pakistan. The experiment was conducted in a plot size of 161.5 m². The plot was further divided into 9 subplots, each have size of 12.5m². The treatment was T₁ = Conventional furrow, T₂= Plastic mulched furrow, T₃ = Alternative mulched furrow. The results of water saving showed 20% and 46.67% under T₂ and T₃, respectively. The CWP was 1.13 kg m^-3,1.49 kg m^-3, and 2.94 kg m^-3 under T_1,T₂ and T₃_، respectively. Moreover, the bulb size 4.56 cm, 5.19 cm and 5.58 cm, the biomass was 93.49 kg, 97.96 kg and 103.00 kg, the bulb weight was 70.54 g, 95.76g, and 130.00 g, and the plant height was 39.74 cm, 43.63 cm, and 49.83 cm under T_1,T₂ and T_3, respectively. Furthermore, the yield of onion was16808 kg ha^-1, 17856kg ha^-1and 23488 kg ha^-1, under T_1,T₂ and T₃ respectively. It is concluded that the highest yield was obtained under T₃, as compared to T₁ and T₂. Water saving was highest under T3 as compared with T₁ and T₂. The bulb size, biomass and plant height were higher under T₃ compared with T₁ and T₂. In the present study, T₃ performed better crop water productivity than T₁ and T₂.

References

Abdel khalik, A., Pascual, B., Nájera, I., Baixauli, C., & Pascual-Seva, N. (2019). Regulated deficit irrigation as a water-saving strategy for onion cultivation in Mediterranean conditions. Agronomy, 9(9), 521.

Abera, M., Wale, A., Abie, Y., & Esubalew, T. (2020). Verification of the efficiency of alternate furrow irrigation on the amount of water productivity and yield of onion at Sekota Woreda. Irrigation and Drainage Systems Engineering, 9(4), 1-5.

Abt, S.R. & Staker, K.J. (2019). Rating correction for lateral settlement of Parshall flumes. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 116(6): 797–803.

Al-Jamal, M. S., Ball, S., & Sammis, T. W. (2001). Comparison of sprinkler, trickle and furrow irrigation efficiencies for onion production. Agricultural Water Management, 46(3), 253-266.

Amaza, P. S., & Olayemi. L. K. (2010). Technical efficiency in food crop production in Gombe State, Nigeria. Nigeria Agricultural Journal, 32(1), 140-151.

Anisuzzaman, M., Ashrafuzzaman, M., Ismail, M. R., Uddin, M. K., & Rahim, M. A. (2009). Planting time and mulching effect on onion development and seed production. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(3).

Aziz, T., et al. (2021). Effect of irrigation and soil type on onion water requirement and yield performance. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 15(2), 45–53.

Bayisa, G. D., Hordofa, T., Tezera, K., Tesfaye, A., Ashame, G., & Wondimu, T. (2021). Maize yield and water use efficiency under different irrigation levels and furrow irrigation methods in a semiarid tropical region. Air, Soil and Water Research, 14, (2), 514-529

Bouyoucos, G. J. (1962). The hydrometer method has been improved for making particle size analyses of soils 1. Agronomy journal, 54(5), 464-465.

Dalorima, L. T., Bunu, A., Kyari, Z., & Mohammed, T. (2017). Effects of different mulching materials on the growth performance of okra in Maiduguri. International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and Soil Science, 4(8), 145-149.

Enciso, J., Jifon, J., Anciso, J., & Ribera, L. (2015). Productivity of onions using subsurface drip irrigation versus furrow irrigation systems with an internet-based irrigation scheduling program. International Journal of Agronomy, 1-6

Gebeyehu, T. M. (2020). Methods & deficit level on onion yield and water productivity. Journal of Agricultural and Soil Science, 77(5), 297-305.

Gelu, G. (2020). Evaluation of Furrow Irrigation Systems on Onion Yield and Water Use Efficiency in Melokoza Woreda, Southern Ethiopia. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Systems Engineering, 7(2), 1-5

Gelu, G. (2023). Alternative Furrow Irrigation Effect on Onion (Allium cepa L.) Yield and Water Use Efficiency: Evidence from Ethiopia. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 54(7), 864-872.

Gudeta, D., Alemu, T., & Tesfaye, K. (1999). Alternate furrow irrigation for efficient water use in maize production. Agricultural Water Management, 42(1), 47–60.

Gudeta, G. K. (2020). Effect of furrow irrigation technical parameters on field application performances of short furrow and yield of onion Crop in Bako, Ethiopia. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 22(2), 418-429.

Hafeez, M., Qureshi, A. S., & Ashfaq, M. (2016). Water management practices for onion production in Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research, 29(4), 395–402.

Haile, A., Gezie, S., & Tegenu, G. (2021). Effect of furrow method and mulch on bulb yield and water productivity of Irrigated Onion under the Central Highland Vertisol of Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 31(1), 145-157.

Ivanova, N., & Andonov, K. (2017). Diversity and production characteristics of onion varieties (Allium cepa L.). Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 23(2), 230–236.

Kloss, C., Goniva, C., Hager, A., Amberger, S., & Pirker, S. (2012). Models, algorithms and validation for open-source DEM and CFD–DEM. Progress in Computational Fluid Dynamics, an International Journal, 12(2-3), 140-152.

Kumar, S., Imtiyaz, M., Kumar, A., & Singh, R. (2017). Response of onion (Allium cepa L.) to different levels of irrigation water. Journal of Agriculture and Water Management, 88(4), 161-166.

Li, M., Wang, G. X., & Lin, J. S. (2015). Application of external calcium in improving the PEG-induced water stress tolerance in liquorice cells. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica, 44(4), 158-156.

Ma, Y., Li, X., & Wang, J. (2000). Improving water use efficiency with alternate furrow irrigation in arid regions. Agricultural Water Management, 45(3), 267–276.

Maity, T. K., & Basu, A. K. (2017). Response of quality seed production of onion to different levels of nitrogen and potassium application, Debashis Manna. Research Journal of Chemical and Environmental Sciences, 5(2), 38-45.

Mallor, C., et al. (2018). Onion genetic diversity and adaptation across global environments. Horticultural Science, 53(5), 611–619.

Mansouri, C., Sanavy, S.A., & Saberali, S.F. (2015). Onion yield response to deficit irrigation during low-sensitive growth stages and nitrogen rate under semi-arid conditions. Journal of Agriculture and Water Management, 97(2), 12-22.

McIntyre, D.S., & Loveday, J. (1974). Bulk Density. In J. Loveday (Ed) Methods for analysis of irrigated soils. Tech. Comm. No 54, Comm. Bureau of Soils, Comm. Agriculture. Bureau, Farnham Royal, England, 38-42.

Mebrahtu, S. (2018). Optimising irrigation scheduling for onion under deficit water conditions. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 13(7), 302–310.

Mebrahtu, Y. (2017). Response of onion to deficit irrigation under different furrow irrigation water management techniques in Raya valley, northern Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Science,61(2), 745-753

Mekonen, K. (2011). The role of irrigation in enhancing agricultural productivity in Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management, 4(2), 89–97.

Mugoro, T., Assefa, S., & Getahun, A. (2020). Effect of deficit irrigation on yield and water productivity of onion (Allium cepa L.) under conventional furrow irrigation system, in Bennatsemay Woreda, Southern Ethiopia. Bennatsemay Woreda, Southern Ethiopia. Journal of Agriculture and Biological Engineering, 181, 2-13.

Muhammed, U. F. B., Sindhu, P. V., Gopal, K. S., & Thomas, C. G. (2015). Influence of mulches on rhizosphere microflora, yield and weed competition in onion. Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 53(1), 70-74.

Ogunjobi, O. P. (1999). Efficiency of small-holding cocoa farmers in Ondo State. Journal of Social Science, 17(2), 62-68.

Olayinka, A., Alabi, O., & Ogunlade, M. (2017). Mulching effects on soil properties and vegetable yield under tropical conditions. Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management, 8(4), 67–74.

Oweis, T., Zhang, H., & Pala, M. (2000). Water use efficiency of rainfed and irrigated bread wheat in a Mediterranean environment. Agronomy Journal, 92(2), 231-238.

Prasad, B., Maji, S., & Meena, K. R. (2017). Effect of date of transplanting and mulching on growth, yield and quality of onion (Allium cepa L.) cv. Nasik Red. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 9(1), 94-101.

Rockström, J., & Falkenmark, M. (2000). Semiarid crop production and the importance of rainwater management. Agricultural Water Management, 41(1), 3–18.

Sali, A. M., Alemayehu, Y., & Hordofa, T. (2022). Effects of Deficient Irrigation and Mulching on Yield and Water Productivity of Furrow Irrigated Onion (Allium Cepa L.) Under Haramaya Condition, Eastern Ethiopia. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 10(2), 360-367.

Shahid, U. R., & Abdul, H. K. (2015). Mulching-Induced Alteration of Microclimatic Parameters on the Morpho-Physiological Attributes in Onion (Allium cepa L.). Journal of Plant Production, 14(3), 241-248.

Shanmugasundaram, S., & Kalb, T. (2001). Onion production: Guide to best practices in irrigation and crop management. Asian Vegetable Research and Development Centre (AVRDC).

Sheikh, H. H., Kausar, H., & Saud, H. M. (2016). Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria enhance salinity stress tolerance in onion through chlorophyll enzymes. Journal of Biomedicine Research,21(2), 628-635.

Shock, C.C., Feibert, E.B.G., & Saunders, L.D. (2015). Irrigation criteria for furrow-irrigated onions. Journal of Horticultural Sciences, 35(2), 163-166.

Singh, G., Joshi, V.K., Chandra, S., Bhatnagar, A., & Dass, A. (2016). Onion response to different crop establishment and moisture management practices in the north-west plains of India. Journal of Research on Crops, 17(2), 226-230

Suthar, M., Kumar, P., & Monisha, R. (2020). Effect of mulching on growth, yield and quality of onion (Allium cepa L.): A Review. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 9(6), 1861-1863.

Temesgen, T., Ayana, M., and Bedadi, B. (2018). Evaluating the effects of deficit irrigation on yield and water productivity of furrow irrigated onion (Allium cepa L.) in Ambo, Western Ethiopia. Irrigation & Drainage Systems Engineering, 7(1), 1-6.

Veihmeyer, F. J., & Hendrickson, A. H. (1931). The moisture equivalent is a measure of the field capacity of soils. Journal of Soil Science, 32, 181–193.

Effect of Different Furrow Irrigation Methods on Growth and Productivity of Onion Crop